“屬蛇的人或許屬貓”?古代壁畫“十二生肖”有貓無(wú)蛇沖上熱搜,專家回應(yīng)

  中國(guó)青年報(bào)客戶端   2025-02-10 11:09:09

近日,有網(wǎng)友社交平臺(tái)上“古代壁畫中十二生肖圖有貓無(wú)蛇”的內(nèi)容引發(fā)關(guān)注。

該壁畫是湖南維山墓壁畫中的一部分,現(xiàn)在在湖南大學(xué)岳麓書院展覽。網(wǎng)友分享的內(nèi)容為排列十二個(gè)獸面人身的圖像。其頭部,分別為猴、豬、雞、虎、馬、羊、狗、貓、牛、龍、鼠、兔,它們身著古代文官服飾,縉紳持笏。

A video titled "Ancient Chinese Mural Zodiac: ‘Cat Instead of Snake'?" sparked widespread discussion among netizens at the start of 2025. The video showcases murals from the Weishan Tomb in Hunan province, featuring twelve anthropomorphic figures with animal heads and human bodies. These heads represent the monkey, pig, rooster, tiger, horse, goat, dog, cat, ox, dragon, rat, and rabbit.
murals /?mj?r?lz/ 壁畫
anthropomorphic /??nθr?p??m??rf?k/ 擬人化的

細(xì)心的網(wǎng)友發(fā)現(xiàn),與現(xiàn)在不同的是,該十二生肖中沒(méi)有蛇,但有貓。

“十二生肖”壁畫中的“貓”  圖源網(wǎng)絡(luò)

十二生肖原來(lái)是有貓的嗎?不少網(wǎng)友評(píng)論“原來(lái)馬上是貓年了!”“屬蛇的人或許屬貓!”“貍貓換太子,太子是蛇。”

Observant netizens pointed out that, unlike the modern zodiac, this version replaces the snake with a cat. Some humorously commented, "Looks like the Year of the Cat is just around the corner!" and "Perhaps those born in the Year of the Snake were actually born in the Year of the Cat." 

圖源網(wǎng)絡(luò)

湖南大學(xué)岳麓書院工作人員稱,該“十二生肖”壁畫為湖南維山墓壁畫中的一部分,壁畫中確實(shí)有貓沒(méi)有蛇。“這個(gè)應(yīng)該是古代的十二生肖,和現(xiàn)在的不太一樣,具體內(nèi)容還在研究。壁畫對(duì)應(yīng)的具體年代還沒(méi)確定?!?/p>

A staff from Yuelu Academy said, "This appears to be an ancient version of the twelve zodiac animals, differing from the modern one. The specific details are still under research. The exact time period of the mural, as it may not yet have been determined."

該工作人員稱,該壁畫于2006年在湖南新化被發(fā)現(xiàn),后來(lái)這些壁畫被取下運(yùn)往岳麓書院保管、研究。目前復(fù)制品在湖南大學(xué)岳麓書院的中國(guó)書院博物館二樓展覽,供游客參觀。

The mural was discovered in 2006 in Xinhua, Hunan province. Subsequently, it was removed and transported to Yuelu Academy for preservation and further study. Currently, replicas of the murals are on display on the second floor of the Meseum of Chinese Academy at Yuelu Academy, Hunan University.

網(wǎng)友分享的維山墓壁畫“十二生肖”圖

早在2010年,就有媒體曾對(duì)維山墓壁畫十二生肖進(jìn)行揭秘。除了沒(méi)有蛇之外,十二生肖的排列順序也與現(xiàn)在不同。對(duì)此,作為發(fā)掘壁畫的主要參與人,時(shí)任湖南大學(xué)岳麓書院教授的胡彬彬認(rèn)為,現(xiàn)在的十二生肖定型于宋代。宋代之前,不同地域與民族,其生肖習(xí)俗與主流的生肖文化相差很大,這也反證了壁畫的年代應(yīng)在宋代以前。

據(jù)此前報(bào)道,維山古墓是湖南地區(qū)為數(shù)較少的古代壁畫墓之一。雖然墓葬在歷史上遭到嚴(yán)重破壞,但主要部分的壁畫保存較為完整。初步看來(lái),墓葬規(guī)格不太高,壁畫的繪制較少受到官方制度的約束,因而其風(fēng)格較為活潑,富有情趣。這些壁畫對(duì)于古代物質(zhì)文化、社會(huì)生活與藝術(shù)史等方面的研究,都具有重要價(jià)值。專家考證,其年代可能在晚唐五代時(shí)期,距今在1300年左右。

責(zé)編:田夢(mèng)瑤

一審:田夢(mèng)瑤

二審:唐煜斯

三審:秦慧英

來(lái)源:中國(guó)青年報(bào)客戶端

我要問(wèn)